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Comparison of analytical procedures for measuring phosphorus content of animal manures in China
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《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2019年 第6卷 第4期 页码 431-440 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019279
The concentration and components of manure phosphorus (P) are key factors determining potential P bioavailability and runoff. The distribution of P forms in swine, poultry and cattle manures collected from intensive and extensive production systems in several areas of China was investigated with sequential fractionation and a simplified two-step (NaHCO -NaOH/EDTA) procedures. The mean total P concentration, determined by the sequential fractionation procedure of intensive swine, poultry and cattle manure, expressed as g·kg , was 14.9, 13.4 and 5.8 g·kg , respectively, and 4.4 g·kg in extensive cattle manure. In intensive swine, poultry and cattle manure about 73%, 74% and 79% of total P, respectively, was bioavailable (i.e., P extracted by H O and NaHCO ) and 78% in extensive cattle manure. The results indicated the relative environmental risk, from high to low, of swine, poultry and cattle manure. There is considerable regional variation in animal manure P across China, which needs to be considered when developing manure management strategies.
关键词: diet phosphorus manure phosphorus sequential P fractionation
Interplay between diet and genetic susceptibility in obesity and related traits
Tiange Wang, Min Xu, Yufang Bi, Guang Ning
《医学前沿(英文)》 2018年 第12卷 第6期 页码 601-607 doi: 10.1007/s11684-018-0648-6
The incidence of obesity has been rapidly increasing, and this condition has become a major public health threat. A substantial shift in environmental factors and lifestyle, such as unhealthy diet, is among the major driving forces of the global obesity pandemic. Longitudinal studies and randomized intervention trials have shown that genetic susceptibility to obesity may interact with dietary factors in relation to the body mass index and risk of obesity. This review summarized data from recent longitudinal studies and intervention studies on variations and diets and discussed the challenges and future prospects related to this area and public health implications.
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《医学前沿(英文)》 2012年 第6卷 第4期 页码 428-435 doi: 10.1007/s11684-012-0232-4
The increasing prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity has been associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). While several studies examined the effect of single behaviors such as physical activity (PA), sedentary behavior or diet on CVD risk, there is a lack of research on combined associations, specifically in children. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the joint association of PA or screen time (ST) and diet on CVD risk factors in children. PA, ST and diet were assessed via questionnaire in 210 fifth grade students (age: 10.6±0.4 years). The healthy eating index (HEI) was subsequently calculated as indicator for diet quality. Height, weight, % body fat, and resting blood pressure were measured according to standard procedures and blood samples obtained via fingerprick were assayed for blood lipids. Total cholesterol HDL ratio (TC:HDL), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and % body fat were used as indicators of CVD risk. 55% of children did not meet current PA recommendations on at least 5 days/week and 70% exceeded current recommendations for ST. Further, only 2.5% possessed a “good” diet (HEI>80). There was no significant association of PA or ST and diet on CVD risk score. Neither TC:HDL, MAP, and % body fat nor the total CVD risk score was significantly correlated with diet, PA, or ST. Children in the high PA group, however, had significantly better diet scores. Despite the fact that self-reported PA, ST, or dietary intake were not directly related to CVD risk in this sample, higher activity levels were associated with a healthier diet and lower ST indicating an overall healthier lifestyle of this subgroup.
关键词: exercise sedentary behavior metabolic syndrome health behavior adolescents TV time healthy eating index
Advanced nitrogen and phosphorus removal in A
Jianhua WANG, Yongzhen PENG, Yongzhi CHEN
《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2011年 第5卷 第3期 页码 474-480 doi: 10.1007/s11783-011-0360-0
关键词: Anoxic zone and biologic aerated filter (A2O-BAF) system domestic wastewater with low carbon-to-nitrogen ratio advanced nitrogen and phosphorus removal denitrifying phosphorus removal
Peter M. VITOUSEK, Xuejun LIU
《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2019年 第6卷 第4期 页码 441-442 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019284
Kinetic analysis of anaerobic phosphorus release during biological phosphorus removal process
DOU Junfeng, LIU Xiang, LUO Guyuan
《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2007年 第1卷 第2期 页码 233-239 doi: 10.1007/s11783-007-0040-2
关键词: interruption process ΔρP/Δρ Enhanced biological Poly-β-hydroxybutyrate
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《医学前沿(英文)》 2017年 第11卷 第2期 页码 266-276 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0530-y
Childhood obesity and obesity-related metabolic complications are induced by a high-fat postnatal diet. The lack of a suitable animal model, however, remains a considerable challenge in obesity studies. In the current study, we provided high-fat diet (HFD) to dams during lactation and to pups after weaning. We also developed a novel model of C57BL/6J mouse pups with HFD-induced postnatal obesity. Results showed that feeding with HFD induces fat deposition and obesity in pups. Furthermore, HFD more potently increased the body weight (BW) of male than female pups. HFD-fed female pups were obese, underwent precocious puberty, and showed increased kisspeptin expression in the hypothalamus. However, parental obesity and precocious puberty exerted no synergistic effects on the HFD-induced postnatal weight gain and puberty onset of the pups. Interestingly, some HFD-fed litters with normal BW also exhibited precocious puberty. This finding suggested that diet composition but not BW triggers puberty onset. Our model suggests good construction validity of obesity and precocious puberty. Furthermore, our model can also be used to explore the mutual interactions between diet–induced postnatal childhood obesity and puberty.
关键词: postnatal HFD feeding obesity kisspeptin HPG axis precocious puberty
Phosphorus use efficiency and fertilizers: future opportunities for improvements
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《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2019年 第6卷 第4期 页码 332-340 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019274
The continued supply of phosphate fertilizers that underpin global food production is an imminent crisis. The rock phosphate deposits on which the world depends are not only finite, but some are contaminated, and many are located in geopolitically unstable areas, meaning that fundamental changes will have to take place in order to maintain food production for a growing global population. No single solution exists, but a combination of approaches to phosphorus management is required not only to extend the lifespan of the remaining non-renewable rock phosphate reserves, but to result in a more efficient, sustainable phosphorus cycle. Solutions include improving the efficiency of fertilizer applications to agricultural land, alongside a better understanding of phosphorus cycling in soil-plant systems, and the interactions between soil physics, chemistry and biology, coupled with plant traits. Opportunities exist for the development of plants that can access different forms of soil phosphorus (e.g., organic phosphorus) and that use internal phosphorus more efficiently. The development of different sources of phosphorus fertilizers are inevitably required given the finite nature of the rock phosphate supplies. Clear opportunities exist, and it is now important that a concerted effort to make advances in phosphorus use efficiency is prioritized.
关键词: organic phosphorus phosphorus fertilizer phosphorus use efficiency rock phosphate
Effects of phosphorus concentration on Cr(VI) sorption onto phosphorus-rich sludge biochar
DING Wenchuan,PENG Wenlong,ZENG Xiaolan,TIAN Xiumei
《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2014年 第8卷 第3期 页码 379-385 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0606-0
关键词: phosphorus biochar sewage sludge hexavalent chromium adsorption
Phosphorus supply and management in vegetable production systems in China
Rui WANG, Weiming SHI, Yilin LI
《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2019年 第6卷 第4期 页码 348-356 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019277
Vegetable production systems involve high rates of chemical and organic fertilizer applications, leading to significant P accumulation in vegetable soils, as well as a decrease in P use efficiency (PUE), which is one of the key limiting factors in vegetable production. This review introduces the vegetable production systems in China and their fertilization status, and analyzes probable causes of overfertilization of vegetable fields. Poorly developed root systems and high P demand have led to the need to maintain much higher available P concentrations in the root zone for regular growth of vegetables, which might necessitate higher phosphate fertilizer input than the plants require. Research on strategies to improve vegetable PUE and the mechanisms of these strategies are summarized in this review. Increasing the P uptake by vegetables by supplying P during the critical growth stage and effectively utilizing the accumulated P by optimizing the C:P ratio in soils can substantially increase PUE. These advances will provide a basis for improving PUE and optimizing phosphate fertilizer applications in vegetable production through regulatory measures. In addition, some policies are recommended that could ensure the safety of vegetables and improve product quality. This review also aims to improve understanding of P cycling in vegetable fields and assist in the development of best practices to manage P reserves globally.
关键词: phosphate fertilizer phosphorus use efficiency vegetable production systems phosphorus management policy recommendation
Anoxic phosphorus removal in a pilot scale anaerobic-anoxic oxidation ditch process
Hongxun HOU, Shuying WANG, Yongzhen PENG, Zhiguo YUAN, Fangfang YIN, Wang GAN
《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2009年 第3卷 第1期 页码 106-111 doi: 10.1007/s11783-009-0005-8
关键词: wastewater treatment anaerobic-anoxic (A2/O) oxidation ditch (OD) biological phosphorus removal denitrifying phosphorus removal
Hongjing LI, Yinguang CHEN
《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2011年 第5卷 第2期 页码 283-290 doi: 10.1007/s11783-010-0243-9
关键词: low dissolved oxygen (DO) biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) glycogen
Optimization of phosphorus removal in uniFed SBR system for domestic wastewater treatment
Xuguang TANG, Shuying WANG, Yongzhen PENG
《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2010年 第4卷 第4期 页码 475-481 doi: 10.1007/s11783-010-0244-8
关键词: UniFed sequencing batch reactor (SBR) phosphorus removal volumetric exchange ratio (VER) alternation of anoxic-aerobic (A/O) domestic wastewater
Organic and inorganic phosphorus uptake by bacteria in a plug-flow microcosm
Jinbo ZHAO, Xuehua LIU
《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2013年 第7卷 第2期 页码 173-184 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0494-3
Genetic study and molecular breeding for high phosphorus use efficiency in maize
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《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2019年 第6卷 第4期 页码 366-379 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019278
Phosphorus is the second most important macronutrient after nitrogen and it has many vital functions in the life of plants. Most soils have a low available P content, which has become a key limiting factor for increasing crop production. Also, low P use efficiency (PUE) of crops in conjunction with excessive application of P fertilizers has resulted in serious environmental problems. Thus, dissecting the genetic architecture of crop PUE, mining related quantitative trait loci (QTL) and using molecular breeding methods to improve high PUE germplasm are of great significance and serve as an efficient approach for the development of sustainable agriculture. In this review, molecular and phenotypic characteristics of maize inbred lines with high PUE, related QTL and genes as well as low-P responses are summarized. Based on this, a breeding strategy applying genomic selection as the core, and integrating the existing genetic information and molecular breeding techniques is proposed for breeding high PUE maize inbred lines and hybrids.
关键词: maize phosphorus use efficiency quantitative trait loci genetic study molecular breeding genomic selection
标题 作者 时间 类型 操作
Comparison of analytical procedures for measuring phosphorus content of animal manures in China
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期刊论文
Interplay between diet and genetic susceptibility in obesity and related traits
Tiange Wang, Min Xu, Yufang Bi, Guang Ning
期刊论文
Joint association of physical activity/screen time and diet on CVD risk factors in 10-year-old children
null
期刊论文
Comments on “Innovations for phosphorus sustainability: implications for the whole food chain” in specialissue of “Sustainable Phosphorus Use in Agri-Food System”
Peter M. VITOUSEK, Xuejun LIU
期刊论文
Kinetic analysis of anaerobic phosphorus release during biological phosphorus removal process
DOU Junfeng, LIU Xiang, LUO Guyuan
期刊论文
Postnatal feeding with high-fat diet induces obesity and precocious puberty in C57BL/6J mouse pups: a
null
期刊论文
Effects of phosphorus concentration on Cr(VI) sorption onto phosphorus-rich sludge biochar
DING Wenchuan,PENG Wenlong,ZENG Xiaolan,TIAN Xiumei
期刊论文
Phosphorus supply and management in vegetable production systems in China
Rui WANG, Weiming SHI, Yilin LI
期刊论文
Anoxic phosphorus removal in a pilot scale anaerobic-anoxic oxidation ditch process
Hongxun HOU, Shuying WANG, Yongzhen PENG, Zhiguo YUAN, Fangfang YIN, Wang GAN
期刊论文
Research on polyhydroxyalkanoates and glycogen transformations: Key aspects to biologic nitrogen and phosphorus
Hongjing LI, Yinguang CHEN
期刊论文
Optimization of phosphorus removal in uniFed SBR system for domestic wastewater treatment
Xuguang TANG, Shuying WANG, Yongzhen PENG
期刊论文
Organic and inorganic phosphorus uptake by bacteria in a plug-flow microcosm
Jinbo ZHAO, Xuehua LIU
期刊论文